School Bus Fleet, 2019 Fact Book

20 SCHOOL BUS FLEET WWW SCHOOLBUSFLEET COM GLOSSARY Horsepower The measurement of an engines ability to do work One horsepower is the ability to lift 33000 pounds one foot in one minute Hours of service The consecutive or cumulative period of time that a commercial driver may be on duty HOV High Occupancy Vehicle a vehicle that can carry two or more passengers Hybrid vehicle Generally refers to a vehicle designed to run on electric power and an internal combustion engine Hydrogen fuel cell A chemical reaction process to develop electrical current from oxygen and hydrogen Hydrocarbons A gaseous compound formed by incomplete combustion and comprised of unburned and partially burned fuel It combines with NOx and sunlight to form ozone and is a major contributor to smog I IDEA The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act passed in 1990 as P L 101 476 to replace the EHA 20 USC 1400 et seq Also the regulations at 34 CFR Parts 300 and 303 IEP Individualized Education Program a written statement developed by an assessment team for each child with a defined disability as required under IDEA IFSP Individualized Family Service Plan a written plan for providing early intervention services to an eligible child and his or her family under Part H of IDEA Impact test A simulated crash condition that evaluates the ability of a vehicle or any component or device to withstand crash forces also known as sled test and crash test Inclusion Integration of a student with disabilities into a regular classroom and into a regular school bus also known as mainstreaming Incomplete vehicle An assemblage consisting as a minimum of frame and chassis structure powertrain steering system suspension system and braking system to the extent that those systems are to be part of the completed vehicle and requiring further manufacturing operations other than the addition of readily attachable components such as mirrors and tire and rim assemblies or minor finishing operations such as painting to become a completed vehicle Incomplete vehicle manufacturer A person who performs the first stage of manufacture on a vehicle manufactured in two or more stages See also intermediate manufacturer and final stage manufacturer Injury incident school bus Any non crash event resulting in injury to a person while in the bus or while boarding leaving the bus Inspection A close examination of a motor vehicle performed in accordance with local state and or federal requirements by an authorized agent of the local state or federal government Integrated restraint system A system in which the occupant restraint for an individual in a wheelchair mobility aid connects directly to and is dependent on the mobility aids securement systems rear strap assemblies Intermediate manufacturer A person other than the incomplete vehicle manufacturer or the final stage manufacturer who performs manufacturing operations on an incomplete vehicle International symbol of accessibility A white emblem on blue background used to indicate that a vehicle can accommodate individuals with disabilities ITP Individualized Transportation Plan a plan established to transport a student with a defined disability L Lap belt A Type 1 belt assembly meeting the requirements of FMVSS No 209 and intended to limit movement of the pelvis EDR Event data recorder a device that records vehicle functions e g speed change during a crash EGR Exhaust gas recirculation a type of in cylinder NOx reducing technology that involves the reintroduction of metered quantities of cooled exhaust gas back into the cylinder as it fills with air displacing some of the air volume and hence some of the oxygen Replacing a proportion of this oxygen reduces the NOx formed during combustion EHA The Education for all Handicapped Children Act passed in 1975 as P L 94 142 See also IDEA EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency Early bus A bus scheduled to run prior to the regular morning run e g to take children to day care programs located in schools Early intervention service Education and related services provided to infants and toddlers from birth through 2 years of age Emergency roof exit An opening in the bus roof meeting the requirements of FMVSS No 217 that provides emergency egress and sometimes ventilation also known as roof hatch Emergency response plan A detailed approach to identifying and responding to potential accidents involving hazardous substances required for every community by the Emergency Planning and Right to Know Act of 1986 EOBR Electronic On Board Recorders An electronic device that collects stores and displays data relative to driver and vehicle performance including such elements as location time speed and distance traveled Ergonomics The study of the design of equipment to reduce human fatigue and discomfort Ethanol Grain alcohol distilled from fermented organic matter and used as a vehicle fuel Evacuation drill Performance of a mock school bus evacuation in order to teach students proper emergency procedures and to provide practice in the use of emergency exits also known as bus safety drills Extraboard driver See substitute driver F FAPE Free Appropriate Public Education it refers to special education and related services including transportation provided at public expense in accordance with a childs IEP 34 CFR 30013 and 300121 FBI background check The national criminal record check FERPA The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 20 USC 1232 requires confidentiality of student records in public schools but allows access to necessary information regarding student disabilities and or health needs to those who have a need to know including school bus drivers Field trip The transportation of students to an event or destination that is an extension of classroom activity i e a part of the curriculum A field trip is one type of activity trip Final rule Notice published in the Federal Register by a federal agency announcing a new or changed regulation Final stage manufacturer A person who performs such manufacturing operations on an incomplete vehicle that it becomes a completed vehicle First aid Emergency treatment given to an ill or injured person before regular medical help is available Fixed route Transportation service that runs on regular prescheduled routes usually with bus schedules and designated bus stops FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration an agency of the U S Department of Transportation FMCSR Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 49 CFR 383 390 397 and 399 motor vehicle safety and construction standards under FMCSA that apply to commercial motor vehicles and drivers transporting passengers in interstate commerce FMVSS Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 49 CFR 571 construction standards developed and enforced by NHTSA that apply to all new motor vehicles and items of motor vehicle safety equipment Forward control bus A school bus in which more than half of the engine length is rearward of the foremost point of the windshield base and the steering wheel hub is in the forward quarter of the vehicle length also known as transit style See also Type D under bus Forward facing Installation of a seat fixed bus seat or secured mobile seating device so that the seat and its occupant face the front of the vehicle when secured Four point tiedown A securement system in which four strap assemblies attach to the wheelchair frame at four separate points and anchor to the vehicle floor at four separate points FSS Fire suppressant system a fire extinguisher system installed in the engine compartment of a vehicle and activated automatically in response to a fire sensor or manually in response to an alarm FTA Federal Transit Administration part of the U S Department of Transportation Fuel injection System that uses no carburetor but sprays fuel directly into cylinders or the intake manifold Fumigate Used to describe the injecting of gas usually CNG into the intake air of the engine G GAWR Gross axle weight rating the value specified by the manufacturer as the load carrying capacity of a single axle system as measured at the tire ground interfaces GPS Global positioning system A satellite tracking system that enables a receiver to compute the position and speed of a vehicle Greenhouse gases Some of these gases are formed by vehicle emissions causing a rise in temperature of the earths atmosphere Guideline 17 A highway safety program guide for student transportation safety issued by NHTSA in 23 CFR 1204 formerly Standard 17 GVWR Gross vehicle weight rating the value specified by the vehicle manufacturer as the load carrying capacity of a single vehicle as measured at the tire ground interfaces For school buses NHTSA has defined in Title 49 CFR Section 5674 g 3 the minimum occupant weight allowance as 120 pounds per passenger times the number of the vehicles designated seating positions and 150 pounds for the driver Gross vehicle weight rating shall not be less than the sum of the unloaded vehicle weight plus the rated cargo load GVW Gross vehicle weight the actual weight of the fully loaded vehicle including all cargo fluids passengers and optional equipment as measured by a scale H Handrail inspection tool A device formed by tying a half inch hex nut to a 36 inch cord used to inspect school bus handrails and other areas for possible snagging hazards Hazard lamps Lamps that flash simultaneously to the front and rear on the right and left sides of a vehicle used to indicate caution also known as four way flashers Head protection zone The empty space above and in front of each school bus passenger seat that is not occupied by side wall window or door structure the dimensions of which are detailed in FMVSS No 222 Head Start A program to provide comprehensive child development services to preschool children of predominantly low income families Headsign A sign above the windshield of the bus that can be changed from School Bus to other wording such as Charter Health care plan A plan of action used to outline the care for a medically fragile individual