School Bus Fleet, 2018 Fact Book

16 SCHOOL BUS FLEET WWW SCHOOLBUSFLEET COM GLOSSARY EDR Event data recorder a device that records vehicle functions e g speed change during a crash EGR Exhaust gas recirculation a type of in cylinder NOx reducing technology that involves the reintroduction of metered quantities of cooled exhaust gas back into the cylinder as it fills with air displacing some of the air volume and hence some of the oxygen Replacing a proportion of this oxygen reduces the NOx formed during combustion EHA The Education for all Handicapped Children Act passed in 1975 as P L 94 142 See also IDEA EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency Early bus A bus scheduled to run prior to the regular morning run e g to take children to day care programs located in schools Early intervention service Education and related services provided to infants and toddlers from birth through 2 years of age Emergency roof exit An opening in the bus roof meeting the requirements of FMVSS No 217 that provides emergency egress and sometimes ventilation also known as roof hatch Emergency response plan A detailed approach to identifying and responding to potential accidents involving hazardous substances required for every community by the Emergency Planning and Right to Know Act of 1986 EOBR Electronic On Board Recorders An electronic device that collects stores and displays data relative to driver and vehicle performance including such elements as location time speed and distance traveled Ergonomics The study of the design of equipment to reduce human fatigue and discomfort Ethanol Grain alcohol distilled from fermented organic matter and used as a vehicle fuel Evacuation drill Performance of a mock school bus evacuation in order to teach students proper emergency procedures and to provide practice in the use of emergency exits also known as bus safety drills Extraboard driver See substitute driver F FAPE Free Appropriate Public Education it refers to special education and related services including transportation provided at public expense in accordance with a childs IEP 34 CFR 30013 and 300121 FBI background check The national criminal record check FERPA The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 20 USC 1232 requires confidentiality of student records in public schools but allows access to necessary information regarding student disabilities and or health needs to those who have a need to know including school bus drivers Field trip The transportation of students to an event or destination that is an extension of classroom activity i e a part of the curriculum A field trip is one type of activity trip Final rule Notice published in the Federal Register by a federal agency announcing a new or changed regulation Final stage manufacturer A person who performs such manufacturing operations on an incomplete vehicle that it becomes a completed vehicle First aid Emergency treatment given to an ill or injured person before regular medical help is available Fixed route Transportation service that runs on regular prescheduled routes usually with bus schedules and designated bus stops FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration an agency of the U S Department of Transportation FMCSR Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 49 CFR 383 390 397 and 399 motor vehicle safety and construction standards under FMCSA that apply to commercial motor vehicles and drivers transporting passengers in interstate commerce CDL Commercial Drivers License CFR Code of Federal Regulations Chain of custody The chronological handling documentation or paper trail showing receipt custody control or transfer of students or items Chassis Vehicle frame with all operating parts including engine frame transmission wheels and brakes Chassis starting interlock circuit A device that prevents the bus engine from starting if any of the emergency exits are locked or not fully closed and latched Clean diesel A combination of improved emission controls and cleaner burning diesel fuel see ULSD that significantly reduces the pollutants from diesel engines Can refer to newer vehicles that meet EPAs 2007 or 2010 standards or to older vehicles retrofitted with emission control technology CMV Commercial Motor Vehicle A motor vehicle defined in 49 CFR 3905 CMVSA Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 among other things authorization for CDL CNG Compressed natural gas Companion animal An animal trained to provide assistance for persons with disabilities can be a guide animal assistive animal or service animal Completed vehicle A vehicle that requires no further manufacturing operation to perform its intended function other than the addition of readily attachable components such as mirrors or tire and rim assemblies or minor finishing operations such as painting Conduct report A form authorized by school officials for use by drivers to report instances of unacceptable behavior by school bus passengers also known as discipline report Continuum of services The range of possible options from least restrictive to most restrictive available to students with disabilities for transportation services Conspicuity The ability of an object to be noticed and recognized without any confusion or ambiguity SAE J1967 Crash school bus 1 A motor vehicle collision involving a school bus with or without a student on board resulting in any personal injury or death or any disabling damage to one or more motor vehicles requiring the vehicle s to be transported away from the scene by a tow truck or other vehicle or 2 A collision involving any vehicle with any student or with a school bus during the loading or unloading process See also accident Preventable A crash that could have been prevented by reasonable action on the part of the school bus driver Reportable A crash required to be reported under FMCSR i e a crash involving a CMV on a public road in which there is a fatality or injury treated away from the scene or in which a vehicle must be towed from the scene Crash test See impact test Criminal record check The investigation of a persons criminal history through submission of fingerprints to state and or federal authorities also known as background check Crossing arm A device attached to the front bumper of a school bus that is activated during loading and unloading and designed to force the students to walk far enough away from the front of the bus to be seen by the driver also known as crossing control arm CSRS Child Safety Restraint System a device other than lap or lap shoulder seat belts meeting the requirements of FMVSS No 213 designed for use in a motor vehicle to restrain seat or position a child who weighs 30 kg 66 lbs or less also known as child safety seat and car seat Curb weight The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment maximum capacity of engine fuel oil and coolant and if applicable air conditioning and additional weight of optional engine but without passengers D Danger zone A 12 foot area immediately surrounding the stopped school bus Deadhead Movement of a bus without passengers e g from school to bus yard Deadtime The period between arriving at an activity trip destination and leaving the destination for the trip home also known as waiting time and stand by time Dealer Any person who is engaged in the sale and distribution of new motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment Refers primarily to purchasers who in good faith purchase any such vehicle or equipment for purposes other than resale DEF Diesel exhaust fluid the reactant necessary for the functionality of the SCR system It is prepared by dissolving solid urea to create 325 solution in water DEF breaks down into ammonia NH3 and reacts with NOx in the SCR system to produce nitrogen N2 and water H2O Distributor Any person or company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment and or parts for resale Dispatch To relay service instructions to drivers DNR Do Not Resuscitate an order from a parent legal guardian or court that prohibits the use of emergency measures to prolong the life of an individual DOC Diesel oxidation catalyst Uses a chemical process to break down pollutants in the exhaust stream of diesel engines into less harmful components DOT United States Department of Transportation DOT driver A driver who meets the FMCSR standards set forth in 49 CFR 391 Double run One bus making two trips over the same route each morning and afternoon e g first picking up high school students and then returning for elementary students Downtime The period when a vehicle is not in service e g due to mechanical failure or scheduled maintenance DPF Diesel particulate filter Ceramic devices that collect particulate matter in the exhaust stream of diesel engines The high temperature of the exhaust heats the ceramic structure and allows the particles inside to break down or oxidize into less harmful components Driver training Instructional program designed to impart knowledge and improve the skills necessary for school bus drivers In service Training provided annually or more often to school bus certified drivers Pre service Training for driver applicants prior to school bus certification and or transporting students Driver qualifications Restrictions of state and federal law that determine a persons eligibility to become a school bus driver e g age limits physical condition criminal record driving history etc DRL Daytime running lamps Head lamps that operate automatically at a reduced voltage during the day to increase the vehicles visibility Drug Any substance other than alcohol considered to be a controlled substance listed on schedules I through V in 21 CFR 1308 Dry run A trip on a route without student passengers for driver training or familiarization of the route Dual brake system See split brake system Dual fuel engine Also known as flex fuel An engine using mixtures of gasoline and methanol such as M85 which is 15 gasoline and 85 methanol Dual fuel engine can also refer to engines operating on any other mixture of fuels simultaneously DVIR Driver vehicle inspection report Federal state or local approved form for reporting results of pre trip and post trip inspections also known as daily vehicle inspection report and pre trip inspection form E EBT Evidential breath testing device a device approved by NHTSA for testing drivers for alcohol use